The study on the potential for greener taxes, which pools data from 12 Member States, suggests that moving taxes away from labour and towards pollution (increasing taxes on the causes of air and water pollution, for example) would bring in revenues of EUR 35 billion in real terms in 2016, rising to EUR 101 billion in 2025, with far higher figures involved if steps were also taken to remove environmentally harmful subsidies. The potential revenues range from just over 1% of GDP per annum through to just over 2.5% of GDP per annum in 2025, depending on the Member State concerned.
Environmental fiscal reform potential